IS IT POSSIBLE TO BUILD MUSCLES WITH THE HELP OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION?
IS IT POSSIBLE TO BUILD MUSCLES WITH THE HELP OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION?
New meta-analysis: combining electrical muscle stimulation with resistance training increases strength, muscle mass
If building strength and muscle mass is part of your New Year's Resolution, do a new workout routine.
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), or electrical muscle stimulation for short, uses electrical currents to contract muscles. According to Sudip Bajpeyi, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Kinesiology at the University of Texas at El Paso, the stimulation devices are easy to use and widely available on the market. Still, he has often wondered, "Can these stimulators offer any benefits when used during resistance training? What does the research say?"
Well, the results are in—and they are promising. In a new meta-analysis study published this month in the European Journal of Applied Physiology, Bajpeyi found that using NMES while performing resistance training leads to greater muscle mass and strength than resistance training alone.
Bajpeyi and his team conducted a meta-analysis, which included more than a dozen studies that used NMES and reviewed their results.
"A meta-analysis provides more comprehensive evidence on studies that explore the same research question," Bajpeyi explained. "This approach allows us to move beyond the limitations of individual studies and make more informed, evidence-based conclusions."
Gabriel Narvaez, a recently graduated master's student in kinesiology, and Jehu N. Apaflo, a doctoral student in interdisciplinary health sciences, are co-authors of the study.
The team specifically analyzed research that combined NMES with resistance training.
The analysis focused on studies where participants performed traditional resistance exercises, such as bench presses or squats while using NMES devices. Bajpeyi said this is when you do about eight to 12 repetitions of one weight training exercise, rest, and repeat.
The studies compared participants' results using electrical stimulators while exercising to those who did the exercises without electrical stimulation. Participants' muscle mass and strength were assessed at the beginning and end of each study. Training periods for participants ranged from two to 16 weeks, with longer durations yielding better results.
"Under normal conditions, the brain activates muscles by sending signals through the nervous system." Bajpeyi said. "NMES mimics this process by delivering external electrical currents to the nerves, causing the muscles to contract, without input from the brain. Think of it as though your muscles are contracting involuntarily."
Bajpeyi is the director of the Metabolic Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) lab at UTEP, where his team studies how NMES or other interventions can improve physical and metabolic health.
Bajpeyi, funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health, is investigating how NMES might help regulate blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.
"Exercise is medicine, but not everyone is able or willing to engage in traditional exercise," he said. "NMES has great potential for improving metabolic health by building muscle mass, which can help the body process blood glucose more effectively."
Bajpeyi said his NMES study results are forthcoming.
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