MULTIVITAMIN USE IN HEALTHY ADULTS MAY NOT IMPROVE LIFE EXPECTANCY

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MULTIVITAMIN USE IN HEALTHY ADULTS MAY NOT IMPROVE LIFE EXPECTANCY

Findings come from an analysis of more than two decades of dietary data from 390,124 U.S. adults.

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What: An extensive analysis of data from nearly 400,000 healthy U.S. adults followed for over 20 years has found no association between regular multivitamin use and a lower risk of death. The study, led by researchers at the National Institutes of Health's National Cancer Institute, was published June 26, 2024, in JAMA Network Open.

Many adults in the United States take multivitamins to improve their health. However, the benefits and harms of regular multivitamin use still need to be determined. Previous multivitamin use and mortality studies have yielded mixed results and have been limited by short follow-up times.

To explore the relationship between long-term regular multivitamin use and overall mortality and death from cardiovascular disease and cancer, the researchers analyzed data from three extensive, geographically diverse prospective studies involving 390,124 U.S. adults who were followed for over 20 years. The participants included in this analysis were generally healthy, with no cancer or other chronic disease history.

Because the study population was so large and included lengthy follow-ups and extensive information on demographics and lifestyle factors, the researchers were able to mitigate the effects of possible biases that may have influenced the findings of other studies. For example, people who use multivitamins may have healthier lifestyles, and sicker patients may be more likely to increase their use of multivitamins.

The analysis showed that people who took daily multivitamins did not have a lower risk of death from any cause than people who took no multivitamins. There were also no differences in mortality from cancer, heart disease, or cerebrovascular diseases. The results were adjusted for race and ethnicity, education, and diet quality.

The researchers noted that it is essential to evaluate multivitamin use and risk of death among different populations, such as those with documented nutritional deficiencies, as well as the potential impact of regular multivitamin use on other health conditions associated with aging.


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